Black hole firewall paradox pdf Barhead

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

black hole Bob Centro de Ciencias de Benasque Pedro Pascual the black hole information paradox and black hole complementarity. After these two chapters we are equipped with enough knowledge to understand the rewall paradox proposed by AMPS. We will explain the paradox in detail in chapter 3. Chapter 4 is devoted to …

black hole Bob Centro de Ciencias de Benasque Pedro Pascual

The black hole information paradox. If we make the coupling large, we expected a black hole … But in all the cases that have been worked out, we always get a fuzzball (2 charge extremal solved completely, 3 charge extremal, near extremal: many states worked out) NO !! YES This behavior resolves the black hole information paradox in string theory…, 13/08/2013 · The firewall paradox,” he said, “tells us that the conceptual cost of getting information back out of a black hole is even more revolutionary than most of us had believed.” Advertisement.

It’s entirely plausible and there are a lot of good intuitive reasons for supposing that it’s true. A key piece of this motivation comes from recent insights into the nature of the holographic principle, which explicitly manifest this idea that qu... A black hole firewall is a hypothetical phenomenon where an observer falling into a black hole encounters high-energy quanta at (or near) the event horizon.The "firewall" phenomenon was proposed in 2012 by physicists Ahmed Almheiri, Donald Marolf, Joseph Polchinski, and James Sully as a possible solution to an apparent inconsistency in black hole complementarity.

Further support dispelling the conclusions of the information paradox came with the holographic principle and the gauge/gravity duality of the AdS/CFT correspondence, that conclusively proved that even the life cycle of an AdS black hole is governed by a unitary matrix of the conformal field theory on the boundary of the spacetime. However, it Le mur de feu est, en physique théorique, un phénomène hypothétique qui se produirait à l'horizon des événements d'un trou noir [1].Il est en effet prédit qu'il existe une zone de grande densité énergétique autour d'un trou noir, créée par le bris d'intrications quantiques généré par le rayonnement de Hawking [1].. Ce phénomène a été décrit en 2012 par Joseph Polchinski et

If you would like to know more about the Firewall paradox, I suggest you read my notes, pasted at the top of this post! The goal of the notes was to write an introduction to the Black Hole Information Paradox and Firewall Paradox that could be read by computer scientists with no physics background. The structure of the notes goes as follows: C Black hole mining revisited 17 1 Introduction The black hole information paradox [1] presents a sharp con ict between quantum theory and general relativity, and so is an important clue to their uni cation. Gauge/gravity duality has provided some insight, giving strong evidence that all information is carried away by the Hawking radiation. It

06/03/2013 · University of York. (2013, March 6). Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 19, 2020 from www.sciencedaily.com black hole’s theory, as well as a description of the astronomical sites where black holes are suspected to lie, namely binary X{ray sources and galactic nuclei. 1 The Black Hole Mystery Let me begin with an old Persian story. Once upon a time, the butterflies orga-nized a summer school devoted to the great mystery of the flame. Many discussed

29/03/2018В В· The black hole information paradox, however, is that all the information that was imprinted on the event horizon of the black hole, once it evaporates, has left no trace in our observable Universe. Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3

C Black hole mining revisited 17 1 Introduction The black hole information paradox [1] presents a sharp con ict between quantum theory and general relativity, and so is an important clue to their uni cation. Gauge/gravity duality has provided some insight, giving strong evidence that all information is carried away by the Hawking radiation. It Post-firewall paradoxes Samuel L. Braunsteinв€— and Stefano Pirandola Computer Science, University of York, York YO10 5GH, United Kingdom (Dated: February 25, 2015) The preВЁeminent view that evaporating black holes should simply be smaller black holes has been challenged by the firewall paradox.

C Black hole mining revisited 17 1 Introduction The black hole information paradox [1] presents a sharp con ict between quantum theory and general relativity, and so is an important clue to their uni cation. Gauge/gravity duality has provided some insight, giving strong evidence that all information is carried away by the Hawking radiation. It Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again . by University of York. Research by scientists at the University of York has revealed new insights into

The Firewall Paradox The black hole as no hair that records any detailed information about the collapsing body. A. No-Hair-Theorem The no-hair or uniqueness theorem applying to the stationary solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations asserts that all electrovac black hole space-times are characterized by their mass, angular momentum and electric charge. This bears a striking … the black hole information paradox and black hole complementarity. After these two chapters we are equipped with enough knowledge to understand the rewall paradox proposed by AMPS. We will explain the paradox in detail in chapter 3. Chapter 4 is devoted to …

The black hole information paradox tells us something important about the way quantum mechanics and gravity fit together. In these lectures I try to give a pedagogical review of the essential black hole firewall paradox black hole singularity black holes event horizon general relativity Hawking radiation Quantum mechanics quantum theory Le idee degli …

into a black hole must, by the tenets of quantum mechanics, be recoverable (in principle) from the radiation which eventually replaces the evaporating black hole. That the information about this state (or that of any in-falling matter) appears to be lost is what constitutes the black hole information paradox. black hole when an object falls in. Quantum mechanics states under the law of conservation that information must be conserved and cannot be destroyed. To obey quantum mechanics and conserve information, the firewall would need to have information be carried out by quantum correlation among all particles radiated from the black hole. A Brief

Special focus will be on recent articles by 't Hooft that aim to explain the construction of the S-matrix by calculating the effects of gravitational back-reaction. This approach seems to resolve the black hole information paradox and, in particular, the firewall paradox into a black hole must, by the tenets of quantum mechanics, be recoverable (in principle) from the radiation which eventually replaces the evaporating black hole. That the information about this state (or that of any in-falling matter) appears to be lost is what constitutes the black hole information paradox.

Black Holes and Firewalls Joe Polchinski (SETI Talks

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

What Is the Black Hole Firewall Paradox? Owlcation. Physicists Euphoric but Confused about Black Hole Paradox. The recently proposed idea of “black hole firewalls” has physicists questioning some of their most cherished ideas, Conventional Black Hole Theory ★Based off of Einstein’s Theory of Relativity ★Black Hole defined: a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape. ★Escape Velocity defined: lowest velocity that a body must have in order to escape the gravitational attraction of a particular planet or other object. ★For a black hole, escape velocity is.

Firewall (physics) Wikipedia. Special focus will be on recent articles by 't Hooft that aim to explain the construction of the S-matrix by calculating the effects of gravitational back-reaction. This approach seems to resolve the black hole information paradox and, in particular, the firewall paradox, Post-firewall paradoxes Samuel L. Braunsteinв€— and Stefano Pirandola Computer Science, University of York, York YO10 5GH, United Kingdom (Dated: February 25, 2015) The preВЁeminent view that evaporating black holes should simply be smaller black holes has been challenged by the firewall paradox..

INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF BLACK HOLES

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

The Black Hole Firewall Paradox Imperial College London. Post-firewall paradoxes Samuel L. Braunsteinв€— and Stefano Pirandola Computer Science, University of York, York YO10 5GH, United Kingdom (Dated: February 25, 2015) The preВЁeminent view that evaporating black holes should simply be smaller black holes has been challenged by the firewall paradox. Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3.

Black hole firewall paradox pdf


24/04/2015В В· black hole information paradox black holes cosmology entanglement general relativity physics quantum gravity quantum physics space-time The Quantum Fabric of Space-Time One hundred years after Albert Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, physicists are still stuck with perhaps the biggest incompatibility problem in the universe. INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF BLACK HOLES soon as their Compton wavelengths approach the dimensions of the black hole itself. This so-called \Hawking radiation" would be a property that all black holes have in common, though for the astronomical black holes it would be far too weak to be observed directly. The radiation is purely thermal. The Hawking temperature of a black hole is such

This firewall paradox theory seems to be only recently theorised. As far as I can understand from reading about it on the internet, there should be a firewall on the event horizon of blackholes, which should break the quantum entanglement of particles. Now I don't understand what is the paradox here, what does firewall stands for (no oxygen in This firewall paradox theory seems to be only recently theorised. As far as I can understand from reading about it on the internet, there should be a firewall on the event horizon of blackholes, which should break the quantum entanglement of particles. Now I don't understand what is the paradox here, what does firewall stands for (no oxygen in

Wormholes Untangle a Black Hole Paradox A bold new idea aims to link two famously discordant descriptions of nature. In doing so, it may also reveal how space-time owes its existence to the spooky connections of quantum information. By K.C. Cole One hundred years after Albert Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, physicists are still stuck with perhaps the biggest If you would like to know more about the Firewall paradox, I suggest you read my notes, pasted at the top of this post! The goal of the notes was to write an introduction to the Black Hole Information Paradox and Firewall Paradox that could be read by computer scientists with no physics background. The structure of the notes goes as follows:

Wormholes Untangle a Black Hole Paradox A bold new idea aims to link two famously discordant descriptions of nature. In doing so, it may also reveal how space-time owes its existence to the spooky connections of quantum information. By K.C. Cole One hundred years after Albert Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, physicists are still stuck with perhaps the biggest 08/10/2013В В· Dr. Polchinsky will present some of the history of these ideas, what has already been learned from this puzzle, and the recent `firewall' controversy, which argues that Einstein's theory breaks

It’s entirely plausible and there are a lot of good intuitive reasons for supposing that it’s true. A key piece of this motivation comes from recent insights into the nature of the holographic principle, which explicitly manifest this idea that qu... 29/05/2014 · All black holes have an event horizon (EH), which is the point of no return (gravitationally speaking). Once you pass the EH, you cannot escape the pull of the black hole and as you get nearer and nearer the black hole you will be stretched out in a process called “spaghettification.”

Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again . by University of York. Research by scientists at the University of York has revealed new insights into 04/12/2017В В· Most people know that if you fell into a black hole, you'd never get out. You might even know that, in theory, you'd be stretched so much by the extreme gravity that you'd be "spaghettified." Well, there's another possibility: the moment you passed the edge of the black hole, you'd be annihilated in a fiery death. Meet the black hole firewall hypothesis.

The black hole firewall paradox is really a new version of the black hole information problem or paradox where general relativity and quantum mechanics seem to be at odds with each other. The problem was pointed out by Stephen Hawking many years In this MSc. thesis, we have attempted to give an overview of the firewall paradox and various approaches towards its resolution. After an introductory chapter on some basic concepts in quantum

29/05/2014 · All black holes have an event horizon (EH), which is the point of no return (gravitationally speaking). Once you pass the EH, you cannot escape the pull of the black hole and as you get nearer and nearer the black hole you will be stretched out in a process called “spaghettification.” If we make the coupling large, we expected a black hole … But in all the cases that have been worked out, we always get a fuzzball (2 charge extremal solved completely, 3 charge extremal, near extremal: many states worked out) NO !! YES This behavior resolves the black hole information paradox in string theory…

In this MSc. thesis, we have attempted to give an overview of the firewall paradox and various approaches towards its resolution. After an introductory chapter on some basic concepts in quantum This firewall paradox theory seems to be only recently theorised. As far as I can understand from reading about it on the internet, there should be a firewall on the event horizon of blackholes, which should break the quantum entanglement of particles. Now I don't understand what is the paradox here, what does firewall stands for (no oxygen in

29/03/2018В В· The black hole information paradox, however, is that all the information that was imprinted on the event horizon of the black hole, once it evaporates, has left no trace in our observable Universe. 23/03/2015В В· Polchinski, author of Scientific American's April cover story, talks about his theory on black holes with space and physics editor Clara Moskowitz.

In this MSc. thesis, we have attempted to give an overview of the firewall paradox and various approaches towards its resolution. After an introductory chapter on some basic concepts in quantum Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3

Black hole firewall paradox Astronomy Forums

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

Black hole firewall paradox Astronomy Forums. 23/03/2015 · Polchinski, author of Scientific American's April cover story, talks about his theory on black holes with space and physics editor Clara Moskowitz., black hole firewall paradox black hole singularity black holes event horizon general relativity Hawking radiation Quantum mechanics quantum theory Le idee degli ….

Black Hole Information Paradox An Introduction Of

Black holes and information A new take on an old paradox. 26/04/2013 · A one solar mass black hole has a Hawking radiation power of ~10^(-28) watts. Since the power is ~1/M^2 a one million solar mass black hole radiates ~10^(-40) watts. Without that giant cryostat, the black hole will grow more massive by absorbing more …, Physicists Euphoric but Confused about Black Hole Paradox. The recently proposed idea of “black hole firewalls” has physicists questioning some of their most cherished ideas.

The Fuzzball Fix for a Black Hole Paradox By replacing black holes with fuzzballs — dense, star-like objects from string theory — researchers think they can avoid some knotty paradoxes at the edge of … Further support dispelling the conclusions of the information paradox came with the holographic principle and the gauge/gravity duality of the AdS/CFT correspondence, that conclusively proved that even the life cycle of an AdS black hole is governed by a unitary matrix of the conformal field theory on the boundary of the spacetime. However, it

14/02/2014 · They then assume that to solve the black hole information paradox with either a firewall or the Hawking-chaos one needs to require that the horizon “knows” about the singularity by receiving information from the past of the singularity, as it seems reasonable to think. 23/03/2015 · Polchinski, author of Scientific American's April cover story, talks about his theory on black holes with space and physics editor Clara Moskowitz.

(Hawking’s paradox is still present when the black hole is put in such a box). The dual description of a black hole is in terms of a hot plasma, supporting the intuition that a black hole should not be so different from any other thermal system. This dual system respects the rules of ordinary quantum mechanics, and does not seem to be INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF BLACK HOLES soon as their Compton wavelengths approach the dimensions of the black hole itself. This so-called \Hawking radiation" would be a property that all black holes have in common, though for the astronomical black holes it would be far too weak to be observed directly. The radiation is purely thermal. The Hawking temperature of a black hole is such

The black hole information paradox is a puzzle resulting from the combination of quantum mechanics and general relativity. Calculations suggest that physical information could permanently disappear in a black hole, allowing many physical states to devolve into the same state. Physicists Euphoric but Confused about Black Hole Paradox. The recently proposed idea of “black hole firewalls” has physicists questioning some of their most cherished ideas

If you would like to know more about the Firewall paradox, I suggest you read my notes, pasted at the top of this post! The goal of the notes was to write an introduction to the Black Hole Information Paradox and Firewall Paradox that could be read by computer scientists with no physics background. The structure of the notes goes as follows: Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3

Physicists Euphoric but Confused about Black Hole Paradox. The recently proposed idea of “black hole firewalls” has physicists questioning some of their most cherished ideas A black hole firewall is a hypothetical phenomenon where an observer falling into a black hole encounters high-energy quanta at (or near) the event horizon.The "firewall" phenomenon was proposed in 2012 by physicists Ahmed Almheiri, Donald Marolf, Joseph Polchinski, and James Sully as a possible solution to an apparent inconsistency in black hole complementarity.

INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF BLACK HOLES soon as their Compton wavelengths approach the dimensions of the black hole itself. This so-called \Hawking radiation" would be a property that all black holes have in common, though for the astronomical black holes it would be far too weak to be observed directly. The radiation is purely thermal. The Hawking temperature of a black hole is such (Hawking’s paradox is still present when the black hole is put in such a box). The dual description of a black hole is in terms of a hot plasma, supporting the intuition that a black hole should not be so different from any other thermal system. This dual system respects the rules of ordinary quantum mechanics, and does not seem to be

26/04/2013 · A one solar mass black hole has a Hawking radiation power of ~10^(-28) watts. Since the power is ~1/M^2 a one million solar mass black hole radiates ~10^(-40) watts. Without that giant cryostat, the black hole will grow more massive by absorbing more … Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3

06/03/2013В В· University of York. (2013, March 6). Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 19, 2020 from www.sciencedaily.com Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again . by University of York. Research by scientists at the University of York has revealed new insights into

24/04/2015В В· black hole information paradox black holes cosmology entanglement general relativity physics quantum gravity quantum physics space-time The Quantum Fabric of Space-Time One hundred years after Albert Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, physicists are still stuck with perhaps the biggest incompatibility problem in the universe. The black hole information paradox is a puzzle resulting from the combination of quantum mechanics and general relativity. Calculations suggest that physical information could permanently disappear in a black hole, allowing many physical states to devolve into the same state.

The Black Hole Firewall Hypothesis Says a Black Hole Would

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

I. II. III. Harvard University. Special focus will be on recent articles by 't Hooft that aim to explain the construction of the S-matrix by calculating the effects of gravitational back-reaction. This approach seems to resolve the black hole information paradox and, in particular, the firewall paradox, Post-firewall paradoxes Samuel L. Braunsteinв€— and Stefano Pirandola Computer Science, University of York, York YO10 5GH, United Kingdom (Dated: February 25, 2015) The preВЁeminent view that evaporating black holes should simply be smaller black holes has been challenged by the firewall paradox..

black hole Bob Centro de Ciencias de Benasque Pedro Pascual. black hole firewall paradox black hole singularity black holes event horizon general relativity Hawking radiation Quantum mechanics quantum theory Le idee degli …, Further support dispelling the conclusions of the information paradox came with the holographic principle and the gauge/gravity duality of the AdS/CFT correspondence, that conclusively proved that even the life cycle of an AdS black hole is governed by a unitary matrix of the conformal field theory on the boundary of the spacetime. However, it.

black hole firewall paradox AstronomicaMens

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox Making. Conventional Black Hole Theory ★Based off of Einstein’s Theory of Relativity ★Black Hole defined: a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape. ★Escape Velocity defined: lowest velocity that a body must have in order to escape the gravitational attraction of a particular planet or other object. ★For a black hole, escape velocity is If we make the coupling large, we expected a black hole … But in all the cases that have been worked out, we always get a fuzzball (2 charge extremal solved completely, 3 charge extremal, near extremal: many states worked out) NO !! YES This behavior resolves the black hole information paradox in string theory….

Black hole firewall paradox pdf


It’s entirely plausible and there are a lot of good intuitive reasons for supposing that it’s true. A key piece of this motivation comes from recent insights into the nature of the holographic principle, which explicitly manifest this idea that qu... The black hole firewall paradox is really a new version of the black hole information problem or paradox where general relativity and quantum mechanics seem to be at odds with each other. The problem was pointed out by Stephen Hawking many years

The paradox is that b is entangled with both b Black hole п¬Ѓnal state proposal (Horowitz and Maldacena hep-th/0310281):! Impose п¬Ѓnal state boundary condition at black hole singularity.! After an N-bit black hole emits b, No Drama requires that b be entangled with the black hole, which must therefore have N+1 bits. Purity requires the black hole Hilbert space to have only N-1 bits 24/04/2015В В· black hole information paradox black holes cosmology entanglement general relativity physics quantum gravity quantum physics space-time The Quantum Fabric of Space-Time One hundred years after Albert Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, physicists are still stuck with perhaps the biggest incompatibility problem in the universe.

Physicists Euphoric but Confused about Black Hole Paradox. The recently proposed idea of “black hole firewalls” has physicists questioning some of their most cherished ideas The black hole information paradox tells us something important about the way quantum mechanics and gravity fit together. In these lectures I try to give a pedagogical review of the essential

Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3 Black hole radiance event horizon singularity virtual quanta time Classically, nothing can escape from a black hole, but quantumly, black holes radiate . Quantum fluctuations in the vacuum continually create pairs of virtual particles, which then reannihilate. But if one member of the pair ducks behind the event horizon, the other escapes.

C Black hole mining revisited 17 1 Introduction The black hole information paradox [1] presents a sharp con ict between quantum theory and general relativity, and so is an important clue to their uni cation. Gauge/gravity duality has provided some insight, giving strong evidence that all information is carried away by the Hawking radiation. It 14/02/2014 · They then assume that to solve the black hole information paradox with either a firewall or the Hawking-chaos one needs to require that the horizon “knows” about the singularity by receiving information from the past of the singularity, as it seems reasonable to think.

Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again . by University of York. Research by scientists at the University of York has revealed new insights into black hole when an object falls in. Quantum mechanics states under the law of conservation that information must be conserved and cannot be destroyed. To obey quantum mechanics and conserve information, the firewall would need to have information be carried out by quantum correlation among all particles radiated from the black hole. A Brief

Black hole radiance event horizon singularity virtual quanta time Classically, nothing can escape from a black hole, but quantumly, black holes radiate . Quantum fluctuations in the vacuum continually create pairs of virtual particles, which then reannihilate. But if one member of the pair ducks behind the event horizon, the other escapes. Special focus will be on recent articles by 't Hooft that aim to explain the construction of the S-matrix by calculating the effects of gravitational back-reaction. This approach seems to resolve the black hole information paradox and, in particular, the firewall paradox

(Hawking’s paradox is still present when the black hole is put in such a box). The dual description of a black hole is in terms of a hot plasma, supporting the intuition that a black hole should not be so different from any other thermal system. This dual system respects the rules of ordinary quantum mechanics, and does not seem to be The black hole firewall paradox is really a new version of the black hole information problem or paradox where general relativity and quantum mechanics seem to be at odds with each other. The problem was pointed out by Stephen Hawking many years

08/10/2013В В· Dr. Polchinsky will present some of the history of these ideas, what has already been learned from this puzzle, and the recent `firewall' controversy, which argues that Einstein's theory breaks Personally I don't get why this is considered such a paradox. I walk into a room and hit the light switch and am hit with a blast of photons, I don't interpret that as my falling into a black hole. Now thats just where we get the name for the firewall, but its not an explanation of what makes it a paradox. The paradox is a bit more involved: 3

This firewall paradox theory seems to be only recently theorised. As far as I can understand from reading about it on the internet, there should be a firewall on the event horizon of blackholes, which should break the quantum entanglement of particles. Now I don't understand what is the paradox here, what does firewall stands for (no oxygen in 06/03/2013В В· University of York. (2013, March 6). Curtains down for the black hole firewall paradox: Making gravity safe for Einstein again. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 19, 2020 from www.sciencedaily.com

Black hole firewall paradox pdf

black hole’s theory, as well as a description of the astronomical sites where black holes are suspected to lie, namely binary X{ray sources and galactic nuclei. 1 The Black Hole Mystery Let me begin with an old Persian story. Once upon a time, the butterflies orga-nized a summer school devoted to the great mystery of the flame. Many discussed C Black hole mining revisited 17 1 Introduction The black hole information paradox [1] presents a sharp con ict between quantum theory and general relativity, and so is an important clue to their uni cation. Gauge/gravity duality has provided some insight, giving strong evidence that all information is carried away by the Hawking radiation. It